Propeller



Nov. 8, 1932. sc w z 1,887,045

PRQPELLER Filed Oct. 20, 1950 a Sheets-Sheet 2 Nov. 8, 1932.

A. SCHWARZ PROPELLEH Filed Oct. 20, 1930 3'Sheets-Sheet 3 Jfr' WVVV 7-04?" Arrap/vz Patented Nov. 8, 1932 AUGUST SCHWARZ,OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS PROPELLER Application filed October 20, 1930. -Serial No. 489,916.

This invention relates to improvements in propellers and moreparticularly to improvements in the propeller inventions set forth in my co-pending applications, Serial Nos. 432,733 and 481,153. The present invention is designed for use upon air craft, water craft, and may be applied to vehicles generally.

One object is to provide a'propeller having novel wing or blade adjustment whereby the angle of the blades to the frame may be altered as desired thus providing means for effecting a gradual landing, a gradual ascent, or a forward or reverse movement of the vehicle while the motors run constantly in one direction. When applied to a steam ship with turbines, no reverse turbines will be required.

A still further object is to provide a proeller having adjustable blades, the blades being simultaneously adjustable either by manual manipulation or b power, the adjustment being smooth, gra ual and frictionless.

- A still further objectis to provide a propeller wherein the blades are readily adjustable while the vehicle is in motion thus affording the vehicle it to take advantage of sudden changes in the wind and greatly facilitating its control.

With the foregoing and other objects in view the invention consists in the combination and arrangement of parts to be hereinafter fully described, pointed out in the claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings which form a for patent and in which- Fig. 1 is a top plan view, partly in section, of the propeller.

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail view of the adjusting shaft lock.

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view taken on the line-44 of Fig. 1. i

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view through the motor shaft and slidable blade control mechanism mounted thereto.l

Fi 6 is a fragmentary view part y in p an and gartly in section, of a slightly modified form wherein hydraulic power is used to great mobility, enabling part of this application actuate the blade controls, the pistons being shown at the end of their forward stroke.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view through the blade mounting.

Fig. 8 is a cross sectional View taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7

Fig. 9 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of Fig. 1 illustrating the connection between the blades and therefor.

Like reference characters denote corresponding parts throughout the several views.

The reference numeral 1 denotes the motor bearing and 2 being formed with a plurality of longitudinal key ways 3 to permit the sleeve 4 to be keyed thereto so that it may rotate with said shaft while being slidable longitudinally thereof, said sleeve being formed with a rality of spaced annular ribs 5 that fit into corresponding recesses in the bearing 6 disposed upon said sleeve so that the latter may be free ing.

The sleeve 4 extends transversely of and beyond said bearing 6 and at one end has fast thereto or integral therewith the annular plate 7 of greater diameter than said bearing. Fast upon the outer end of the 80 motor shaft 2 is the hub 8 which is connected by spoke-blades 9 to the annular frame 10 that carries the blades 11, preferably four in number, although any number of blades may be employed. Each blade 11 is mount- 85 ed in the frame 10 for rotary adjustment, a reduced blade portion extending through a perforation 12 and being provided with an integral key 13 that rests uponthe ring 14 encircling the reduced blade portion, said 90 portion being threaded throughout a portion of its length to receive the lock nut 15, a reduced portion 16 being square in cross sec tion and reduced at its inner extremity to 0 permit it to be fitted in the hub 8.

In certain adaptations of the propeller the spoke-blades 9 are eliminatedas unnecessary on account of the blade inner-portions serving as spokes. Keyed to the reduced portion 16 of each blade is an arm or link 17 con 100 r0 eller fr p p ame showing a the adjusting plate the motor shaft, the latter to rotate independently of said bearnected by ball and socket joint to an intermediate link 18 that is likewise connected to a stud 19 secured to the annulus 7.-

Referring now to all figures of the drawings except Fig. 6, the bearing 6 is connected by'clamps or arms 20 to interiorly threaded sleeves 21 that telescopically receive and mesh with the threaded portions 22 of the rotary shafts 23 received in the friction bearings 24 connected by straps 25 to the motor bearing 1. Fast upon each shaft 23 is a sprocket wheel 26, said wheels being connected together by a sprocket chain 27.

Fast upon one shaft 23 is a gear wheel 28 in mesh with a similar wheel 29 fast upon the control shaft 30 journaled in bearings 31 provided at one end with the operating hand wheel 32. A clamp 33 supported by bracket 34 receives the shaft 30 and is provided with a handle 35 whereby it may be caused to grip the shaft to lock it against rotary movement when desired.

Referring now to Fig. 6, the arms 20 carry sleeves 21 that receive the piston rods 36 that extend through cylinders 37 and are provided with pistons 38 operated by hydraulic pressure, the liquid passage through the pipes 39, .0 thus providing hydraulic pressure to operate the type propeller herein shown. en the piston 38 is at the center of the cylinder the blades are in neutral position. When the pistons are in the position shown the blades are positioned for forward speed. When the pistons are at the opposite or lower ends of the cylinders the blades are positioned for reverse movement.

In operation, rotation of the hand wheel 32, Fig. 1, will rotate shaft 30 and through gear wheels 29, 28 rotate one shaft 23 which, through the medium of sprocket wheels 26 and sprocket chain 27 will rotate the other shaftv23 thus causin the sleeves 21 to travel thereover, moving the bearing 6 and sleeve 4 longitudinally of the motor shaft 2, together with the' annulus 7 thus causing the stud 19 and arms 18, 17 to'oscillate the blades in the, frame 10 to adjust the same to any angle with the frame desired. In Fig. 8 the position of the blades with relation to the frame is'shown when the machine is at rest. When the take-off is made the blades are turned slightly so that the position of the key 13 will be altered somewhat.

When full speed forward is desired the blades are adjusted to as great an angle to the frame as possible, or until the keys 13 of the blades ride against the keys 13 of the frame thus relieving the pressure in the friction hearing. The blades can be adjusted forward or backward depending upon the direction of movement desired. The bladea'd- 'justment may be such as to cause the-blades to impart a forwardor pulling power to move the vehicle forward, or a reverse impulse to move the vehicle backward. A slow landing can be effected by disposing the blades at such an angle as to cause a reverse while the craft is moving forward. This would provide a braking action, quickly slowing up the movement of the craft.

When the propeller is used in water craft it is positioned at the rear While when in use upon airplanes or hydro-planes it is positioned either at the rear or at the front. The operation of the form, shown in Fig. 6 is the same as that described except that the shafts 36 are actuated by hydraulic pressure. The bearing 6, sleeve 1 and motor shaft 2 are lubricated by oil through the oil pipe 41. In the case of water craft where the form shown in Fig. 6 is used the friction bearing 6 is placed outside the craft and the shafts 36 extend through the hull into the interior.

What is claimed is 1. In a propeller of the class described having a plurality of blades rotatably supported in a frame, which is rigidly mounted on a solid shaft having a plurality of keyways therein, a sleeve slidable on said propeller shaft, but prevented from rotary movement relative to said shaft, a bearing adapted to receive said sleeve, cooperating means on said sleeve and in said bearing for permitting rotary movement of the keyed-together shaft and sleeverelative to the bearing, but preventing axial movement of the sleeve relative to the bearing, a pair of levers for each ropeller blade, each pair of levers pivotally oined together, the other end of one of said levers being rigidly fastened to the corresponding propeller blade, the free end of the other lever of each pair pivotally connected with the sleeve, and means for axially moving the bearing and the sleeve on the solid propeller shaft and thereby adjust the angu larity of the propeller blades.

2. In a propeller of the class described, a shaft, a frame fixed thereon transversely of the axis of the shaft, a. plurality of blades journaled in the said frame for oscillatory movements therein, a sleeve splined upon the said shaft, a bearing in which the sleeve and its shaft are mounted for rotation, the said bearing and sleeve having interengaging means effecting joint axial movement of the same, a radial arm fixed to each propeller blade, a link pivotally connecting the said arm with the sleeve, and'means for moving the sleeve and its bearing longitudinally upon the shaft to adjust the angularity of the pro peller blades.

3. In apropeller of the class described, a shaft, aframefixed thereon transversely of the axis-I;off the shaft a plurality of blades journale'd' 'in the said frame for oscillatory movements'therein, a sleeve splined upon the said shaft, and provided with an annular plate, a bearing in which the sleeve and its shaft are mounted for rotation, the said bearinflg and sleeve having interengaging means e ectin joint axial movement t e same, a' radia arm fixed to each ropeller blade, 'a link pivotall connecting t e said arm with the sleeve t rough the annular plate, and means for movin the sleeve and its bearing longitudinally upon the shaft to adjust the angularity of the pro ller blades.

4. In a propeller o the class described, a

shaft, a frame fixed'thereon transversely of the axis of the shaft,'a plurality of propeller blades j ournaledin the said frame for oscillatory movements therein, a sleeve splined upon the shaft and provided at'the end adjacent the said frame with an annular late, a bearing in which the sleeve and -1ts shaft are mounted for rotation, the said 'bearingand sleeve havinginterengagin annular ribs and ect joint axia movement of the recesses to e same, a radial arm fixed to each propeller blade, s link pivotally connecting the said arm with the sleeve through the annular late,

and means for moving the sleeve and its aring longitudinally upon the shaft to v the angularity of the propeller blades.

5; In a propeller of the class described, a

shaft, a frame fixed thereon transverselyof ally connecting the axis of the shaft" a plurality of propeller blades j ournaled in the said frame for oscillatory movements therein, a sleeve splined u n the said shaft and provided at the end jacent-the said frame with an annular plate, a bearing in which the sleeve and its shaft are mounted for rotation, the said bearing and sleeve having inte means-to efiect joint axial movement 0% the same, a radial armfixedtoeach ropellerhladaahnkpivote said am with the sleeve through the annular pla ated means for moving e sleeve an its bearing longitudinall upon the shaft to adjust the angularity o the propeller blades.

- at a point between this movement of the same, a radial arm the bums tojthe blade shaft necting the said arm with the sleeve, and

means for moving thesleeve and its bearing longitudinally. on the a shaft to adjust the an arity of, the prolpeller blades.

' testimony that claim the-foregoing as my own I have hereto afli'xed my ature;

AUGUST ARZ.

and screw-o 6. Ina propeller of the class described, a I

v shaft, a frame fixed thereon transversely of a plurality of propeller blades journaled in v 0 said frame for oscillathe axisof the'sha tory movements there a sleeve splined upon the shaft and provid the said frame with an annular plate, a bearing in which'the' sleeve and its shaft are mounted for rotation, the said bearing and sleeve havin'ginte means to effect joint axialmovement 0% the same, a radial arm fixed m each ropeller blade, a link pivotally connecting e said arm with the sleeve at the end adjacent i f throughthe annular plate, and fluid ressure means for moving the. sleeve and its lo 'tudinallu the shaft toad'ust the ngl 05 mg? erblade's. J

p l y .-In,a propeller o the clam described, a .shaft,

a frame fixed at its hub transversely upon the said shaft, a'plur'ality of radial blades journalled in the said frame for oscil-- late the movements therein, the inner end of aftofeachbladehavingabearingm a frame fixed at its hub transversely of frame and its hub, and 

